Farnesene is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene that has garnered significant attention across industries for its unique aromatic properties, biological functions, and commercial potential. In this article, we explore what farnesene is, its chemical structure, where it’s found, its benefits, and how companies like Wuhan Hesheng Technology Co., Ltd. are advancing its production through synthetic biology and sustainable microbial fermentation.
Farnesene refers to a group of closely related organic compounds, primarily alpha-farnesene (α-farnesene) and beta-farnesene (β-farnesene), including its isomer (E)-β-farnesene. These molecules are part of the terpene family and are known for their roles in plant defense and as pheromones in insects.
The farnesene structure consists of a 15-carbon skeleton, which can exist in several isomeric forms. Both alpha farnesene and beta farnesene are studied extensively for their industrial and biological applications.
Farnesene is prized in the flavor and fragrance industry for its fresh, green, and slightly woody aroma. Alpha-farnesene is often associated with apple skins, contributing to their characteristic scent, while beta-farnesene can have a more citrusy or herbal note. It’s a popular ingredient in perfumes, cosmetics, and aromatherapy products.
Apple peels
Ginger
Hops
Various essential oils (e.g., citronella, cedarwood)
Green plants, where it acts as a defense compound
However, natural extraction is often inefficient and unsustainable. That’s where synthetic biology comes in.
Key patents related to farnesene biosynthesis include:
US20110307972 (Farnesene synthase)
US5840992 (Farnesene synthase)
US7309817 (Farnesene synthase)
US8674175B2 (Farnesene synthase)
US20210114953 (Farnesene applications)
These patents highlight the scientific and commercial interest in optimizing farnesene synthase—the enzyme responsible for farnesene production in engineered microbes.
The farnesene market is expanding rapidly, driven by demand in:
Flavors & Fragrances: As a natural scent ingredient
Cosmetics & Skin Care: For its soothing and aromatic properties
Bio-Pesticides/Feed: (E)-β-farnesene is used in sustainable agriculture as a pest repellent
Industrial Applications: Hydrogenated farnesene is used in biofuels, lubricants, and specialty chemicals
Natural aroma profile suitable for clean-label products
Eco-friendly pest management solutions
Potential antioxidant and skin-conditioning effects in cosmetics
Sustainable alternative to petrochemical-derived compounds
Wuhan Hesheng Technology Co., Ltd. leverages over a decade of expertise in synthetic biology and microbial “intelligent manufacturing” to produce high-purity farnesene and its derivatives. Using proprietary microbial chassis and high-throughput automated platforms, we achieve efficient, scalable, and eco-friendly production of alpha-farnesene, beta-farnesene, and other natural product molecules.
Our product portfolio also includes:
Nootkatone
Bisabolol
Ergothioneine
Lycopene
Beta-carotene
Astaxanthin
We hold 60 invention patents (25 granted) and are certified under ISO9001, KOSHER, HALAL, and more—ensuring quality and global compliance.
With a vision to “pioneer green fermentation for a sustainable natural ecosystem,” HeshengTech is committed to delivering natural, high-value products that protect both people and the planet.
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